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A small community with a strong Native presence and recent inflows from the oil boom

New Town's population is predominantly Native American, with recent growth from oil and gas workers arriving from various states and countries.

New Town's demographic makeup is unusual by United States standards. The majority of residents identify as Native American, reflecting the historical presence of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes in the region. There is also a significant white population, descended from Norwegian, German, and Swedish settlers who arrived at the turn of the 20th century to grow wheat.

Starting in 2008, the Bakken formation oil boom brought temporary and permanent workers from outside. This inflow included people from other American states, Mexicans, Filipinos, and some Central American families. The age profile is young compared to North Dakota's rural average, partly due to the tribal community's birth rate and the arrival of young families from the energy industry.

The predominant language is English, but there are active efforts to revitalize the Hidatsa, Mandan, and Arikara languages in tribal schools. Spanish appears in shops and within the worker community tied to oil. Spiritual traditions include traditional tribal ceremonies, historic Christian churches (Lutheran, Catholic), and smaller evangelical chapels.

Languages spoken
  • English
  • Hidatsa
  • Mandan
  • Arikara
  • Spanish
Main religions
  • Traditional MHA spirituality
  • Lutheranism
  • Catholicism
  • Evangelical Protestants
  • No declared religion

Affordable cost of living, with oil pressure on rental prices

Housing, food, and transportation cost below the American average, but rents rose with the Bakken boom and still reflect that demand.

Living in New Town is cheaper than in any mid-sized American city, but not as cheap as the size would suggest. The reason is Bakken: during the peak of the oil boom, rents tripled and have not returned to previous levels. Even so, the overall cost is favorable for those with income from the energy industry or stable tribal employment.

Basic grocery shopping is done mainly at the Cenex and small local retailers, with larger trips to Minot or Williston (about 90 km to the west). Fuel tends to be cheaper than the national average, reflecting proximity to production. Winter heating is the largest household expense, since temperatures drop well below zero between December and February.

Healthcare has good coverage for tribal members via the Indian Health Service. For others, private insurance or trips to Minot are required. Leisure costs little, because social life revolves around the lake, the casino, community events, and people's homes. Internet and digital services work well within the city, but degrade quickly once leaving the urban core.

Modest homes, mobile homes, and a few new post-boom buildings

The market features older homes on large lots, mobile homes in parks, and recent construction tied to the Bakken boom, with rents still high for the city's size.

New Town's housing stock is dominated by single-story wood frame homes, built between the 1950s and 1980s, on generous lots. There is also a significant number of mobile homes, common in small North Dakota cities. Buying is simpler than renting: properties are relatively cheap compared to urban centers, and local financing is accessible for those with established credit.

During the Bakken boom, several housing complexes were quickly built to accommodate oil workers. Some became permanent apartments, others were dismantled. Today, the rental supply includes these units, traditional homes, and shared rooms in lodgings known locally as man camps, although many of these have already closed.

The MHA Nation has housing programs for tribal members, including new home construction and rental assistance. For newcomers without tribal ties, it pays to speak directly with small local real estate agencies or check the chamber of commerce listings. Neighborhoods near the lake are the most sought after, with views and easy access to the marinas.

Recommended neighborhoods
  • Downtown (near Main Street)
  • Residential areas near Lake Sakakawea
  • Neighborhoods around New Town High School
  • Loop Road (east residential zone)

Jobs in oil, tribal government, healthcare, and lake tourism

The local economy revolves around the Bakken energy sector, the MHA Nation government, the 4 Bears Casino, and public services such as education and tribal healthcare.

The job market in New Town is narrow but stable when oil is up. The oil and gas industry employs well operators, truck drivers, maintenance technicians, engineers, and logistics teams. Salaries in this sector are among the highest in the state, but demand fluctuates with the price of a barrel.

The MHA Nation government is the second large employer, with positions in administration, social services, cultural programs, and infrastructure. The 4 Bears Casino & Lodge, operated by the tribes, hires in hospitality, food service, maintenance, and management. The New Town Public School District and the tribal healthcare system Elbowoods Memorial Health Center are also major employers.

Small local businesses, ranches, wheat and canola agriculture, and sport fishing tourism on Lake Sakakawea round out the picture. For newcomers without oil ties, it is worth seeking positions in healthcare, education, or tribal government services, where turnover and constant demand for qualified professionals exist.

Dominant sectors
  • Oil and gas (Bakken formation)
  • MHA tribal government
  • Tribal healthcare
  • Public education
  • Hospitality and casinos
  • +2 more
Major employers
  • 4 Bears Casino & Lodge
  • MHA Nation (tribal government)
  • Elbowoods Memorial Health Center
  • New Town Public School District
  • Hess Corporation
  • +2 more

Public schools and a four-year tribal college

The city has public schools serving tribal and non-tribal children, and is home to Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College, one of the few tribal colleges in North Dakota.

The basic education system in New Town is operated by the New Town Public School District, serving kindergarten through high school. The schools serve both MHA Nation member and non-member children, with Hidatsa, Mandan, and Arikara language revitalization programs integrated into the curriculum. Classes are small, which makes individual attention easier.

Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College is an accredited tribal higher education institution, offering technical and undergraduate programs. It mainly serves tribal members but is open to the community. Programs include Native American studies, business administration, environmental sciences, and nursing. It is a point of local pride and functions as a cultural center.

For broader undergraduate degrees or graduate studies, students typically go to the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks, North Dakota State University in Fargo, or Minot State University, which is closer and offers in-person and distance programs. Distance education is increasingly common among adults working in the energy industry.

Notable universities
  • Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College
  • Minot State University (90 km)
  • University of North Dakota (distance)
  • North Dakota State University (distance)

Local tribal care with referrals to Minot and Bismarck

The Elbowoods Memorial Health Center serves the local population, with complex cases referred to hospitals in Minot or Bismarck.

The main healthcare center in New Town is the Elbowoods Memorial Health Center, run by the MHA Nation in partnership with the Indian Health Service. It offers primary care, basic emergency services, dentistry, behavioral health, pharmacy, and some specialty services. Tribal members have full coverage, and the general population can use it through payment or insurance.

For more complex cases, long hospital stays, or rare specialties, patients are referred to Minot, where Trinity Health is located, or to Bismarck (about 240 km), with larger regional hospitals. This trip is part of rural reality and can be challenging in winter. Some telemedicine consultations are available, especially for psychiatry and dermatology.

For newcomers without tribal ties, it is important to arrive with a defined American health plan (private, Medicare, Medicaid, or employer-based). Without it, healthcare is restricted to expensive emergencies. Local pharmacies are few, so stockpiling ongoing medications is usually done in Minot or via mail.

Small city with low urban crime, but attention to roads and weather

Violent crime is rare, but occasional thefts and tensions linked to the oil boom appear; the greatest risks are accidents on rural roads and winter storms.

New Town is, in general, safe for those coming from large cities. Violent crime is rare and the community knows one another. At the peak of the Bakken boom, there was an increase in petty offenses, domestic violence cases, and alcohol and drug problems, common in boom towns. These numbers have receded with the industry's slowdown.

The greatest day-to-day risks are not criminal. Rural North Dakota roads are frequent sites of serious accidents, especially in winter, when blizzards reduce visibility to zero. Wildlife on the road, mainly deer, is another permanent hazard. Tornadoes and severe storms occur between May and July.

The MHA tribal police, the Mountrail County sheriff, and the local police operate in a coordinated fashion. For newcomers, the practical advice is: have a reliable car, install a weather alert app (NOAA Weather Radio), respect road closure notices, and establish contact with neighbors. A close-knit community is part of the safety system in a small town.

Safer neighborhoods
  • Downtown New Town (Main Street)
  • Residential neighborhoods around the school
  • Areas near the Elbowoods Memorial Health Center
  • Zone near Lake Sakakawea
Areas to avoid
  • Isolated rural roads at night (wildlife and weather risk)
  • Old abandoned man camps on the outskirts
  • Industrial oil areas without authorization

Everything is done by car, with regional airports in Minot and Williston

With no regular public transportation, life in New Town depends on a personal vehicle. Commercial flights leave from Minot or Williston, both about an hour away.

New Town is a car city. There is no public bus system or formal taxi beyond occasional services. Distances within the city are short, but any travel outside requires a reliable vehicle and attention to weather. In winter, snow and winds can close roads, so winter tires and an emergency kit are standard.

US Highway 23 is the main artery, linking New Town to Williston (west) and Stanley (north). US-83 to the east leads to Minot. There is no passenger rail service, but the Amtrak Empire Builder stops in Stanley, about 80 km away, with connections to Chicago and the West Coast.

For commercial flights, the reference airports are Minot International (MOT) and Williston Sloulin Field International (XWA, now Williston Basin International, ISN). Both have limited direct flights to Denver, Minneapolis, and Las Vegas. The local airport in New Town serves general aviation and oil operations.

Airports
  • MOT, Minot International Airport (90 km)
  • XWA, Williston Basin International (140 km)
  • New Town Municipal Airport (general aviation)

Heritage of the Three Affiliated Tribes and prairie traditions

Local culture is defined by the MHA Nation, with traditional ceremonies, tribal museums, and annual events celebrating Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara history.

Cultural life in New Town is deeply shaped by the MHA Nation. The Three Affiliated Tribes Museum presents the history of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara, including the impact of the Garrison Dam construction in the 1950s, which flooded traditional villages and reshaped the geography of the reservation. Visiting the museum is essential to understanding why the city exists where it does.

The major annual event is the Little Shell Powwow, held in August, which brings together dancers, drum groups, and families from various tribes across the American Midwest and Canada. There is also the North Dakota Cherry Festival, Independence Day celebrations, and events at the 4 Bears Casino. For visitors, these events are the best window into local culture.

The cuisine blends Native traditions (frybread, bison soups, dried corn prepared in the Mandan style) with the typical food of the rural American Midwest (roast meats, hotdish, fruit pies). Frybread is ubiquitous at community events. Bars and restaurants in the city are few but well attended, with the casino offering the most varied options.

Notable dishes
  • Frybread (traditional fried bread)
  • Bison stew
  • Mandan corn (traditional dried corn)
  • Hotdish (Midwest casserole)
  • Knoephla soup (German-Russian dumpling soup)
  • +1 more
Annual events
  • Little Shell Powwow (August)
  • North Dakota Cherry Festival
  • MHA Nation Indian Days
  • Walleye fishing tournaments (Lake Sakakawea)
  • 4th of July celebrations
  • +1 more

Lake Sakakawea, MHA culture, and the open prairie landscape

The main attractions combine nature around Lake Sakakawea, the cultural heritage of the Three Affiliated Tribes, and authentic northern prairie experiences.

Lake Sakakawea is the natural star of New Town. Created by the Garrison Dam on the Missouri River, it is one of the largest reservoirs in the United States and offers walleye, salmon, and perch fishing, as well as boat rides, swimming, and camping. Local marinas rent boats and support fishing tournaments that draw visitors from across the Midwest.

The Three Affiliated Tribes Museum presents the history, art, and material culture of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara tribes. It is small but dense, with ceremonial pieces, historical photographs, and documentation of the impact of the Garrison Dam. The 4 Bears Casino & Lodge functions as an entertainment center, with restaurants, a hotel, and regular live events.

Outside the city, it is worth visiting Lewis and Clark State Park, Fort Stevenson State Park, and Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site (about two hours away), which preserves archaeological sites of traditional Mandan and Hidatsa villages. The open prairie landscape, with enormous skies and occasional northern lights in winter, is an experience in itself.

  1. 1Lake Sakakawea
  2. 2Three Affiliated Tribes Museum
  3. 34 Bears Casino & Lodge
  4. 44 Bears Bridge (bridge over the Missouri)
  5. 5Lewis and Clark State Park
  6. 6Fort Stevenson State Park
Parks & green spaces
  • Lake Sakakawea (public shorelines)
  • Lewis and Clark State Park
  • Fort Stevenson State Park
  • New Town City Park
  • Crow Flies High Butte (overlook)

Small immigrant diversity tied to oil and the service industry

New Town has few immigrants in absolute numbers, but the Bakken boom brought Mexican, Filipino, and Central American families who settled around oil and hospitality jobs.

Immigration to New Town is a recent and modest-scale phenomenon. The city has no established ethnic communities in the traditional sense, but starting in 2008 foreign workers tied to the oil and gas industry arrived. The most visible groups today are Mexicans, Filipinos, Salvadorans, and Guatemalans, with some Canadian families crossing from the province of Saskatchewan.

These immigrants concentrate in oil field jobs, casino hospitality, restaurants, and construction. As the total number is small, there are no defined ethnic neighborhoods, but there is an informal support network among Spanish-speaking families and a small Filipino community that gathers around Catholic churches. Markets in Minot and Williston supply ethnic ingredients.

For those arriving from outside the United States considering New Town, it is worth understanding that they will be one of the few immigrant families in the city. This can be lonely, but also welcoming: the local community embraces those who integrate. Catholic churches, schools, and North Dakota state organizations offer basic support for newcomers.

150
Foreign-born residents
estimated
Top countries of origin
  • Mexico
  • Philippines
  • El Salvador
  • Guatemala
  • Canada
  • Honduras
  • India
Foreign consulates
  • Consulate General of Mexico in Saint Paul (MN)
  • Consulate General of the Philippines in Chicago
  • Consulate General of Canada in Minneapolis
  • Consulate General of El Salvador in Minneapolis
  • Consulate General of Brazil in Chicago
Community organizations
  • Lutheran Social Services of North Dakota
  • Catholic Charities North Dakota
  • Global Friends Coalition (Grand Forks)
  • MHA Nation Social Services
  • North Dakota Human Rights Coalition

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